Gandara, Samar: A Town with Deep Historical Roots and Vibrant Culture

Nestled in the province of Samar, Gandara has a rich historical background that dates back to the pre-Spanish era. Known as Bangahon before the arrival of Spanish colonizers, Gandara was once a thriving settlement. Its transformation into a town came in the 17th century, and over the years, it became a notable community that witnessed moments of prosperity and resilience.

Early Beginnings and Historical Shifts

Originally called Bangahon, the town prospered in the late 18th century, only to experience significant changes under Spanish rule. The people of Bangahon decided to relocate after the great fire of February 14, 1901, which led to the destruction of the town. In 1902, the new town was established at its current location and renamed "Gandara" in honor of **Governor-General José de la Gándara y Navarro, who governed the Philippines from 1866 to 1869. The relocation symbolized the town's resilience and its people's determination to rebuild and thrive.

The town's geopolitical boundaries also shifted over time. In 1903, several barangays (Bangon, Buenas Aires, Calanyogan, Cambaye, Pagsanghan, Pangi, and San Luis) were incorporated into the neighboring municipality of Tarangnan through Act No. 960 of the Philippine Commission. Over the years, Matuguinao and San Jose de Buan were also part of Gandara before becoming independent municipalities in the mid-20th century.

Culture and Festivals

Gandara is rich in cultural heritage, highlighted by its vibrant Karabaw Festival, which celebrates the water buffalo, a vital animal in local farming, and the production of Gandara’s well-known white cheese, queso. The festival’s creativity and uniqueness have earned it recognition, having won numerous times in the annual **Samar Day Celebration** held in August.

In addition to the Karabaw Festival, Gandara is known for its **annual fluvial parade**, a significant event held every September along the Gandara River. This procession is part of the town's traditional fiesta and is a reflection of the community's deep spiritual roots.

Key Landmarks and Historical Sites

One of the most significant historical landmarks in Gandara is the Bangahon Church Ruins, located near the Gandara River. This site, once a vibrant place of worship, was destroyed during the Pulajanes-American war, but its ruins serve as a reminder of the town’s historical past and the enduring spirit of its people. The church was originally dedicated to **St. Michael the Archangel**, the patron saint of Gandara.

Additionally, Maria Diana’s Chapel and the miraculous cadaver of Maria Diana Alvarez are integral parts of the town's religious history, attracting visitors and devotees who believe in its miraculous powers.

Economy and Local Products

Gandara’s economy is primarily agricultural, with local products such as queso (white cheese), tablea (chocolate tablets), and kalinayan rice being widely produced and distributed across Eastern Visayas and other parts of the Philippines. These products have become synonymous with Gandara, helping promote the town's cultural and economic identity.

The town is also known for its root crops and peanuts, which are exported to various regions in the country. These agricultural products, along with Gandara’s festivals and tourism, play a crucial role in sustaining the local economy.

Education and Institutions

Education has always been an important aspect of Gandara’s development. The town’s Gabaldon School Buildings, part of a nationwide initiative to construct modern public schools during the American colonial period, reflect its long-standing commitment to education. Other notable educational institutions include Saint Michael’s High School and the Ramon T. Diaz National High School, which have contributed to shaping the town's academic landscape.

Gandara, Samar, is more than just a historical town; it is a community that has embraced its past while continuously progressing into the future. Its festivals, historical landmarks, and rich agricultural base make it a unique and culturally vibrant town in Samar. Despite the challenges of the past, the people of Gandara have maintained a strong sense of community, celebrating their heritage and building a bright future.